Dart is a Google product – an object-oriented programming language similar to C, created as a replacement for JavaScript. If you have experience with Java, C, or C++, you might prefer Dart over JavaScript. It offers a more traditional OOP approach unlike JavaScript's prototype system. It's designed for productivity, though still has fewer capabilities than JS.
Developed by Microsoft to enhance JavaScript's capabilities. TypeScript adds new features and supports backwards compatibility with JavaScript. It compiles to JS and supports Node.js as well.
CoffeeScript compiles to JavaScript and makes code shorter and easier to read. It supports advanced features like list comprehensions and classes. However, JS knowledge is still needed.
Elm is a functional language mostly used for frontend UI development. It has simple syntax, efficient debugging, and compiles to JavaScript.
A popular backend alternative to JavaScript with clean, simple syntax. Python is highly readable and modular, and has been widely used for decades.
Kotlin supports multiplatform programming and has concise syntax. It focuses on solving real-world developer issues and allows code sharing across Android and iOS platforms.
Ruby is a dynamic and object-oriented language with syntax similar to English. While slower than Python, it remains a solid backend option.
PHP is a flexible backend language with built-in web capabilities and security features. It offers expressive syntax and creative flexibility.